Pestle Analysis of TATA Steel free essay sample

Tata Steel, established in 1907, is one of the world’s most geographically diversified steel producers, with operations in 26 countries and commercial offices in over 35 countries. Tata Steel, part of the Tata group, based in Mumbai, has exploits in various categories including tea, automobiles, communications, power and salt. It is estimated that the Tata Steel group produces 31million tonnes of Steel per year. Tata steel is the second largest steel producer in Europe, with the level of global steel production currently over 1bn tonnes, which is expected to increase to 1. 5bn tonnes by 2015-2020. To expand from India into the global marketplace Tata Steel has made numerous acquisitions including Millennium Steel in 2005, Nat steel in 2004, and Corus Steel in 2007. Tata Steel’s success is down to their understanding of the key drivers of the steel industry, which can be analysed by either ‘PESTEL’ or ‘SWOT’ analysis method. ‘PESTEL’ (Political, Economic, Social and Technological analysis) is a framework used to analyse and review the macro-environmental factors that have an impact on a business or organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Analysis of TATA Steel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Using this analysis the key drivers powering TATA Steel’s success can be identified and it becomes apparent that being an Indian based company has proved advantageous, due to its rapidly growing economy, with a GDP of 8. 5% in the year beginning 2009 (1 http://data. worldbank. org/indicator/NY. GDP. MKTP. KD. ZG), and its large, low-wage workforce. India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world, with a growth rate of 6% pa over the past 10 years. Following three decades of stale growth, often blamed on the following of socialist-inspired policies India has progressed towards a free market economy through economic liberaisation. During this boom, India’s crude steel production rose nearly 6% to nearly 38 million tonnes [1]. Being formed in India has proved advantageous to Tata steel due to the close proximity of captive mines of iron ore and coking coal from Jamshedpur. This allows transportation, raw material and other logistical costs to be reduced. Recently India’s steel industry has been modernised, although the majority of India’s steel is still produced using the inefficient open-hearth process [2]. Tata Steel is introducing the more efficient method of continuous casting across its steelworks, seeing production increase from 5million tonnes per year in 2006 to nearly 10 million tonnes in 2010. However, poor infrastructure in India can have negative impacts on productivity for Tata Steel. For example, power shortages are common across the country, which can stop the production process. Also, the transportation links within the country, for example road and rail connections, are of a low standard which can make the distribution and supply process inefficient. Also, the productivity of the workers in India is much lower than those workers at European based steelworks. Crude steel output at the biggest Indian Steelmaker is roughly 144 tonnes per worker per year, whereas in Western Europe the figure is around 600 tonnes [3]. This lack of worker productivity could be somewhat caused by the country’s poor infrastructure, as the level of education in India is low, and the healthcare service basic, both of which affect worker productivity. However, the labour costs in India are much lower than in other countries, ‘at 1 EUR per hour worker, compared with EUR 26 per hour in Germany, and EUR18 per hour in Japan. ’ Whilst there are local mines of iron ore and coking coal at Jamshedpur, the domestic raw material recourses are inefficient to supply the growing Indian steel industry. The hard coal deposits in India are of low quality, and therefore importation of hard coal has increased within the last five years ‘by a total of 40% to nearly 30 million tonnes. ’ This makes Tata steel sensitive to fluctuations in the price of raw materials from other countries, and they also have the added costs of importing these raw materials. One of the major challenges facing Tata Steel is controlling it’s environmental impact. Steelmaking is a heavily polluting industry, and recently there has been a consumer driven shift in corporate values regarding environmental and social impact, favoring fair and environmentally friendly business. On their website Tata Steel states, ‘corporate citizenship means taking all necessary steps to maintain a safe, healthy and fair workplace for all our employees and contractors, protecting the environment, respecting and engaging with local communities, and maintaining high ethical standards wherever we operate. ’ [4] Tata Steel’s new basic oxygen steelmaking gas recovery project aims to reduce co2 emissions by 240,000 tonnes per year, and dust emissions by 40 tonnes. These projects combined with the company values, give Tata Steel an eco-friendly image, which is becoming increasingly important in the current global marketplace. Tata Steel is also conscious of it’s social impact in developing countries and cites ‘Community’ as one of it’s important values. Whilst the workers in India are paid low wage, Tata steel runs many Health, Education, and Agriculture programs in an attempt to contribute to local and regional development. Tata steel has introduced numerous health programs in India including ‘Lifeline Express’ [5], and offers a range of schooling and scholarship initiatives to encourage quality education. These programs also indirectly benefit Tata Steel as if their surrounding workforce is kept healthy and satisfied they are likely to be more productive. Roger Nightingale of Millennium Global Investments stated ‘The steel industry really doesn’t belong in developed countries any longer; it belongs in developing countries. ’ [6] One key reason for Tata steel’s early success is it’s establishment in India, where local natural and human recourses were accessible, and of very low cost. India’s friendly political relationships with developed nations such as the UK, US and Europe has allowed the country to achieve successful globalization, by combining the cheap, and abundant recourses of India, with the good facilities, finishing expertise and cutting-edge technology of foreign steelmakers through its’ various acquisitions.

Demons Afire

Demons Afire Demons consume the very essence of ones soul. The monsters lurking underyour bed is very real indeed. Subconsciously we place each of these fears into ourconscious state brining nightmares to life. The demons very purpose is being hell benton brining pain and suffering to those whom they deem tainted. But those are the externaldemons; my greatest fears are the demons inside me. Sleepless nights subjugated me to alife under the moon. I drive my body to the point of exhaustion in hopes of falling into astate of unconsciousness. Anger, pain, and fear drive this demon I see every night insidemyself. From seeing this very demon in a man once a part of my life forces me toovercome this obstacle in trying to decide my own future. This man was my father;someone so cruel and monstrous couldnt be a model of my future. Experiencing firsthand the lies and deceit that a demon can unleash was minuscule compared to the purerage that boils within them.Lermontov's Demon as interpreted by Mikhail Vrub el...

Understanding the Bush Doctrine

Understanding the Bush Doctrine The term Bush Doctrine applies to the foreign policy approach that President  George W. Bush practiced during this two terms, January 2001 to January 2009. It was the basis for the American invasion of Iraq in 2003. Neoconservative Framework The Bush Doctrine grew out of  neoconservative dissatisfaction with President Bill Clintons handling of the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein in the 1990s. The U.S. had beaten Iraq in the 1991 Persian Gulf War. That wars goals, however, were limited to forcing Iraq to abandon its occupation of Kuwait and did not include toppling Saddam. Many neoconservatives  voiced concern that the U.S. did not depose Saddam. Post-war peace terms also dictated that Saddam  allow United Nations inspectors to periodically search Iraq for evidence of programs to build weapons of mass destruction, which could include chemical or nuclear weapons. Saddam repeatedly angered neo-cons as he stalled or prohibited U.N. inspections. Neoconservatives Letter to Clinton In January 1998, a group of neoconservative hawks, who advocated warfare, if necessary, to achieve their goals, sent a letter to Clinton calling for the removal of Saddam. They said that Saddams interference with U.N. weapons inspectors made it impossible to gain any concrete intelligence about Iraqi weapons. For the neo-cons, Saddams firing of SCUD missiles at Israel during the Gulf War and his use of chemical weapons against Iran in the 1980s erased any doubt about whether he would use any WMD he obtained. The group stressed its view that containment of Saddams Iraq had failed. As the main point of their letter, they said: Given the magnitude of the threat, the current policy, which depends for its success upon the steadfastness of our coalition partners and upon the cooperation of Saddam Hussein, is dangerously inadequate. The only acceptable strategy is one that eliminates the possibility that Iraq will be able to use or threaten to use weapons of mass destruction. In the near term, this means a willingness to undertake military action as diplomacy is clearly failing. In the long term, it means removing Saddam Hussein and his regime from power. That now needs to become the aim of American foreign policy. Signers of the letter included Donald Rumsfeld, who would become Bushs first secretary of defense, and Paul Wolfowitz, who would become undersecretary of defense. America First Unilateralism The Bush Doctrine has an element of America first unilateralism that revealed itself well before the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States, the so-called War on Terror or the Iraq War. That revelation came in March 2001, just two months into Bushs presidency, when he withdrew the United States from the U.N.s Kyoto Protocol  to reduce worldwide greenhouse gasses. Bush reasoned that transitioning American industry from coal to cleaner electricity or natural gas would drive up energy costs and force rebuilding of manufacturing infrastructures. The decision made the United States one of two developed nations not subscribing to the Kyoto Protocol. The other was Australia, which has since made plans to join protocol nations. As of January 2017, the U.S. still had not ratified the Kyoto Protocol. With Us or With the Terrorists After the al-Qaida terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on Sept. 11, 2001, the Bush Doctrine took on a new dimension. That night, Bush told Americans that, in fighting terrorism, the U.S. would not distinguish between terrorists and nations that harbor terrorists. Bush expanded on that when he addressed a joint session of Congress on Sept. 20, 2001. He said: We will pursue nations that provide aid or safe haven to terrorism. Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. From this day forward, any nation that continues to harbor or support terrorism will be regarded by the United States as a hostile regime. In October 2001, U.S. and allied troops invaded Afghanistan, where intelligence indicated the Taliban-held government was harboring al-Qaida. Preventive War In January 2002, Bushs foreign policy headed toward one of preventive war. Bush described Iraq, Iran and North Korea as an axis of evil that supported terrorism and sought weapons of mass destruction. Well be deliberate, yet time is not on our side. I will not wait on events while dangers gather. I will not stand by as peril draws closer and closer. The United States of America will not permit the worlds most dangerous regimes to threaten us with the worlds most destructive weapons, Bush said. As Washington Post columnist Dan Froomkin commented, Bush was putting a new spin on traditional war policy. Pre-emption has in fact been a staple of our foreign policy for ages and other countries as well, Froomkin wrote. The twist Bush put on it was embracing preventive war: Taking action well before an attack was imminent invading a country that was simply perceived as threatening. By the end of 2002, the Bush administration was talking openly about the possibility of Iraq possessing WMD and reiterating that it harbored and supported terrorists. That rhetoric indicated that the hawks who had written Clinton in 1998 now held sway in the Bush Cabinet. A U.S.-led coalition invaded Iraq in March 2003, quickly toppling Saddams regime in a shock and awe campaign. Legacy A bloody insurgency against the  American occupation of Iraq and the U.S. inability to quickly prop up a working democratic government damaged the credibility of the Bush Doctrine. Most damaging was the absence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Any preventive war doctrine relies on the support of good intelligence, but the absence of WMD highlighted a problem of faulty intelligence. The Bush Doctrine essentially died in 2006. By then the military force in Iraq was focusing on damage repair and pacification, and the militarys preoccupation with and focus on Iraq had enabled the Taliban in Afghanistan to reverse American successes there. In November 2006, public dissatisfaction with the wars enabled Democrats to reclaim control of Congress. It also forced Bush to usher the hawk most notably Rumsfeld out of his Cabinet.

Gay Marriage Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gay Marriage - Research Paper Example The reasons for my belief will be discuss thoroughly in the following pages. But before that discussion, I shall present the history of gay marriage in America and the controversial landmark ruling of the Supreme Court regarding the legalization of gay marriage in San Francisco back in 2004. I shall have discussions regarding how countries such as the Netherlands have already recognized that these unions are valid and carry specific economic benefits for all concerned. I will touch upon the fact that 19 states beginning with New York, San Francisco, and Massachusetts, including California have already passed state laws legally recognizing these unions. It is my belief that our national laws and policies must be revised to follow suit or else it will fall behind the times and become irrelevant in our future societies. I will prove that in the long run, gay marriage is exactly what we need in order to cure certain problems within the psyche of our nation. In America, the first document ed case of gay marriage license application dates back to 1967 when Michael McConnel and Richard John Baker applied for an Oklahoma marriage license. This was the time of the Stonewall Riots and a huge wave of change was taking over the gay and lesbian communities. (Eskridge & Spedale 5). The Stonewall riots were taken by the gay and lesbian community as a chance to have: ... marched out of their closets and challenged their outlaw status. Lesbian and gay activists insisted that the state should no longer treat them as presumptive criminals and should instead, treat them the same as it treated straight citizens. This was the first time that the once hidden in the shadows issue of gay marriage came to the forefront of a public debate that would run for over 30 years. The state was now in a precarious position. Do they allow the re-definition of marriage as also covering same sex couples or not? Marriage had always been defined as a union between a man and a woman for decades. Now tha t definition was being challenged and the state felt a need to protect the sanctity of marriage as defined by their understanding of the law. And that is exactly what the state legislators did. But true love will never be denied. To this day, in the states where gay marriage is not yet recognized, they continue to have life bonding commitment ceremonies and construct families by conceiving children through artificial means. They are in fact, leading the normal life of any traditional couple. However prude that the United States proved to be, other countries during the same time frame were already recognizing the rights of gay couples and treating them with the normalcy that they so deserved as citizens of their country. Denmark and Sweden were the first countries to allow and recognize same sex unions. In fact Denmark is noted as, in 1989, having been the first country to: ...enact a law enacting (almost) all the rights of marriage to same sex couples. These unions, were called regi stered partnerships. ((Eskridge & Spedale 5) Due to the approval of this law in Denmark, there was an influx of gay couples into the country coming from other countries like the United States, who took advantage of the law by registering and residing in Denmark as same sex couples. As an institution, marriage by definition has been challenged and revised by same sex couples across the globe over the past decades. Although not

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention Research Paper

Significance Of Training And Development In Employee Retention - Research Paper Example Development of employee capacity can also include involvement of employees in developing organizational policies (Shields 2007). It promotes goal ownership among the employees and reduces overreliance on the management regarding the accomplishment of day to day tasks. Johnson (2001) observes, people usually desire to have autonomy in their day to day activities, which is significant in encouraging them to remain in the organization. With such empowerment, democracy is established in the workplace whereby the employees' views are taken into consideration and integrated into to the organization’s strategic plan. Employees are allowed to attend and contribute to significant meetings, which makes them feel desirable and appreciated and hence feel that they are part and parcel of the organization (Colling 1995).Career Development McConnell (2003) argues that provision of up-to-date training and development opportunities to employees enhances their value in the labor market and henc e increased career mobility. This positively affects their job security since they keep in mind that their skills are in line with the current demand for human resources within the organization. The employees’ security comes from the realization that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential cause of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006).... The employees’ security comes from the realization that they remain equivalent with employees in other organizations. Competent employees view stagnation in a particular position as a potential cause of redundancy thus they stay in the organization where career development is guaranteed (Startups 2006). How Training and Development Increases Revenues and Productivity Empowerment Strategies for training and development empower employees to accomplish tasks effectively. The need to continuously acquire knowledge is important especially for the constantly changing business environments (McConnell 2003). Schrader & Lawless (2004) observe that new technologies that require skilled workers can not be applied if an organization fails to train its employees. The alternative is to hire skilled workers, which is a move that might be costly for the organization especially in the long run due to the constant technological advancements and market changes. Capacity Building Workplace learni ng involves constant skills upgrading to help employees improve their performance. Coaching is among the workplace learning strategies that are focused on giving the employees additional skills to improve their competence. For example, when new employees are engaged in a company, they usually possess some skills but have little experience in the organizational operations. Coaching them is necessary to improve their knowledge regarding the organization. It helps them to apply the skills acquired through studies in real practice (Colling 1995). The result is usually positive and the employees can perform better, thereby increasing productivity among the employees. Coaching motivates the weaker employees to perform better and also facilitates the

Sleepy Hollow Film Review Essay -- essays research papers

‘Sleepy Hollow’ film Review Blood and murder usually go down a treat for the people who love gore but this is not the case in the movie ‘Sleepy Hollow’. Repetition is the key to an ultimately predictable film. Just as in any other film we see a substance with a resemblance to blood fall onto a piece of paper. This tells our minds the movie will have elements of horror. Then two hands, male and female, clasp. A headless horseman then appears decapitating an innocent man on the run in the woods. This all sets the rest of the film as a romantic horror. There is still one element that is left to be seen but not to worry. While the ghoulish headless horseman is out decapitation people Ichabod Crane, a detective from New York, is having a hard time keeping a straight face. The expression of utter disgust as he finds a body in the river is comical enough as it stands. Now as he is sent to Sleepy Hollow (a near by village where the headless horseman lies) to try and get his head around the gruesome decapit ations of the people. His fear of bugs makes him an easy target and often means this film becomes comedy Johnny Depp is the actor who plays Ichabod Crane, the New York detective. When he arrives in the little village Sleepy Hollow he meets the beautiful Katrina Van Tassel. Played by Christina Ricci, Katrina is a local teenager who is starting to really like Ichabod. She wants to protect him; I guess every film needs a beauty. But where’s the beast? Most films nowadays consist of a beast that whenever they show their face on screen frightens the socks off the audience. This is not the case in the film ‘Sleepy Hollow’ seeing as Christopher Walker’s (the actor who plays the headless horseman) head is never shown on screen. Although this film consists mainly of tacky fog and bad graphics, the acting is not to blame. Maybe the fact that the main characters were played by American actors but yet tried to speak with English accents made the film seem very cheap. If you are going to hire American actors to play the main parts don’t try and pass them off as Engl ish actors. Some people might think that by making the entire movie dull, dark, and devoid of colour makes the blood stand out much more. This is true but are you really motivated to watch a movie which starts of in black and white? This movie was aimed at younger people but younger people change the channel when... ...appeared we saw the same murky fog swirl around the screen. Tim Burton turned the short story by Washington Irving from a descriptive bed time story into a fake. To me this movie was pure comedy. Although it was meant to be horror it was comical to count how many times the horseman appeared. Every time he appeared it was the same fog and sounds as the headless horseman took out his sword to kill another victim. The movie seemed to rely on the fact that Johnny Depp is gorgeous. Tim Burton has directed most of my favorite movies. Most of them did not have gorgeous actors in them but they all had a good plot. This movie did not have a good plot. It had things in it that were completely irrelevant to the rest of the film. I did not feel for the characters, the main reason being they were in black and white. This made them seem cold and emotionless. The main character in the film, Ichabod Crane was very squeamish. If this movie was aimed to be semi-serious why have a main character in it who faints at the sight of blood. In my opinion this movie had poor graphics and was very predictable. I did not enjoy it at all and if you know what is good for you you won’t bother to see it either.

Workbook Role of the Health and Social Care Worker

Following extensive consultation with the public, the Department of Health published in 2007 the seven outcomes that people expect from their health and adult social care services. These are – Improved health and emotional well-being; Improved quality of life; Making positive contribution; Increased choice and control; Freedom from discrimination and harassment; Economic well-being; and Maintaining personal dignity and respect The role of the worker can be identified as: Assessment Skills usually the care plan. The aim of the care plan is to assess the needs and risks of the person concerned and make appropriate plans Reviewing/ Evaluating Skills Is a continual process as people's needs and wants change.You will be able to check / measure that the care plan objectives are being met by setting target dates to evaluate what the person has been able to achieve and what needs to be adapted in the care plan and objectives Listening Skills Listening is an important part of communica ting with others. To listen implies that the listener hears, pays attention to and responds to the person. Negotiating Ski ASS The purpose of negotiation is to resolve situations where conflicts have arisen. The aim of a win-win negotiation is to find a solution that is acceptable to both parties and leaves all involved feeling that they have won – in some way – once the negotiation has finished. It is important that the most vocal do not always have their way. Recording Skills Making notes, writing reports, emails, Effective Communication Most communication is non-verbal.People can read visual clues and rely on instinct even if you say the opposite, so if a service user asks you a question, e honest -? your body language will reveal the truth. Team Work Team work is essential in social and health work practice. No one can support someone effectively without others. There is no ‘I' in team Technical Skills These can range from using computers to craft work. Work practice can vary, you need to be flexible and constantly willing to learn Research Skills These skills are increasingly important. You will need them to continually develop your learning Organizational Skills A disorganized person may be creative but will not get very far if they miss the deadline (and visit time) or do not complete the work PersonalPresentation People do judge by first appearances! Always dress appropriately for work and be clean and tidy 4222-206/1 – Understand working relationships in Health and Social Care The working relationships between care staff and the people who they provide care for is critical for their health and wellbeing – Relationships come in very different shapes and sizes. There are relationships between friends, family members, colleagues in outside organizations and the professional relationship between colleagues and service users. The relationship between a worker and a service user should be a supportive professional relations hip. What does this mean?What are the differences between the personal relationships you have with close personal friends & family and those relationships you have with those people you provide care for and other professionals you work with. In some instances the relationships can be quite similar in that they involve helpfulness and working together. In a professional relationship you have a task/goal (I. E. Providing personal care etc. ) that you are working together to complete and achieve. In a personal relationship the ultimate goal is happiness and building that spiritual connection between yourself and your significant other. This is a topic you should discuss with others and relates mainly to what can be seen as the boundaries that you should not cross.The codes of practice for Social Care workers provides a list of statements that describes the standards of professional conduct and practice required for social care workers as they go about their daily work: Social Care work ers must: Protect the rights and promote the interests of service users and careers Strive to establish and maintain the trust and confidence Of service users and careers Promote the independence of service users whilst seeking to ensure hat their behavior does not harm themselves or other people Uphold public trust and confidence in social care services; and Be accountable for the quality of their work and take responsibility for maintaining and improving their knowledge and skills. Developing Relationships The first step in developing effective working relationships is identifying those people who you are dependent on to get your work done and those who are dependent on you. Where you are dependent on each other this is called interdependence. Working on these relationships will give you a big return as there is the likelihood that support provided will be reciprocated.Developing good working relationships relies on a number of things Good effective communication – an abili ty and willingness to talk and to listen with an open mind, what another person says if generally what they believe to be true, if you disagree ask questions to clarify Trust – This is crucial in developing long term relationships, how far do you trust the other person and what will need to happen or not happen for this to be developed? Mutual Expectations – What are the expectations each person has about the relationship, what mutual goals and targets does each person have? 4222-206/2 – Work in ways that are agreed with the employer In order to ensure that your employer is able to deliver the service they have agreed with the service user it is important that you understand what is expected of you. At evidence reference 2 you are asked to review your role and responsibilities and the policies and procedures which you need to operate by.Your employer is expected to: Provide flexible, personalized and responsive service Put people at the centre of everything you do Have high levels of specialist expertise and customer satisfaction Invest time in recruiting the right people for the right jobs Provide extensive staff training and support. If you feel that any Of the above is not in place which is inhibiting you doing your job you should talk to your employer to discuss how improvements can be made. Once set of guidelines that we can follow to guide the way we work is our values: Values guide your work, relationships and life. Values are a person's principles, beliefs or standards by which they live. They would consider these to be priorities for them in their lives, e. G. Pending time with people, being honest, being punctual, being conscientious, assisting people who are in difficulties etc. Everyone has different and attitudes which ill be important to them depending on their background and upbringing. We are not born with values/attitudes but acquire them throughout our childhood, I. E. Through school, friends, family peer group etc. Throu gh our life experiences we are more than likely to change our values. For example, we may have been brought up in a strict religious household taking on those values but as we grow and mature and think about those particular values we may not want them for our lives in the future and take on other values.On the other hand we may prefer to live by those particular values – We all have o make these sorts of choices / decisions for our lives. Enabling service users to make a choice for their lives means putting the Health and Social Care Values into action. As workers everything we do is influenced by our own values. There are a number of Health and Social Care Values detailed below which you must adhere to, if any of your own values conflict with these it is important that you do not allow these to influence how you work. If you have conflicting values take an opportunity to talk to you manager and / or colleagues to find out how these can be reconciled. Health and Social Care Values Value What this means IndividualityNeeds of service users should be tailored specifically for their circumstances / needs / wants / dreams / aspirations, for example, if a person requires a particular meal associated with their beliefs these should be provided. However do not make assumptions always check. Identity Recognize that service users have their own opinions / thoughts / views about things. They will have had many life experiences and these should be acknowledged and valued Rights and Responsibilities Each service user has rights for example to attend their own place of worship, just because it may be ‘inconvenient' is not a reason why We shouldn't meet their rights. They also have rights to change their mind about something.Workers need to encourage them to exercise these rights and encourage responsibility to act within the law and moral responsibilities. Choice There needs to be recognition of the service users ‘right to make their own choices', to exp ress and select what they want and the benefits of this. That everyone is entitled to be given full and thorough information in order to make an ‘informed choice' as to what they want / need. Privacy Every worker needs to understand how to avoid intrusion such as the need for permission to enter the room of a service user and to protect their arsenal space. If visitors arrive at the residential / nursing home they do not have the right to see the resident's room without permission from the service user – it is their home.Inclusion Being part of the mainstream of society is something most of us take for granted. We go to work, look after our families, visit the general practitioner / dentist, use transport, and go to the swimming pool or cinema. Inclusion means enabling and encouraging the service users to do the ordinary everyday things in life, making use of the mainstream services and for them to be fully included in the local community. Independence Recognition that the service user should be encouraged and enabled to do things for themselves. This will enable them to feel involved and continue to practice their skills. The result of this would give them a feeling of being involved.If everything is done for the person they lose their skills, self- confidence and sense of self Dignity Every worker needs to have an understanding of importance Of preserving the service users dignity especially when intimate tasks are being provided. Dignity is closely connected to a person's sense of self-worth. For example, if someone is being assisted to have a bath then the bathroom door should not e left open and as soon as the person is out of the bath, towels need to be put around them so they are not left feeling vulnerable. Respect Every service user of whatever age, disability, race, gender, class, sexual orientation, belief system, etc. Needs to be treated with respect, fairness and dignity, for example, demonstrating to the person that they are very imp ortant and that you value them.This means that they are spoken to as an adult with a kind and thoughtful approach. Working in Partnership It is very important to work in partnership with the service user, their family / friends and with relevant agencies. Every worker needs to take on board the wishes of the person they are supporting, their family / friends and other agencies but the wishes of the service user is the most important. Citizenship The government is committed to enforceable civil rights for everyone in society in order to eradicate discrimination in society. Everyone has a right to a decent education, to grow up to vote, to marry and have a family and to express their opinions with the help and support to do so where necessary. 222-206/3 – Work in partnership with others One of the Health and Social care Values is Working in Partnership' which means that workers need to work in partnership and form effective working relationships with service users, careers, fam ily/friends, advocates, colleagues/ manager and staff from other agencies. ‘Unpaid careers' refers to family members who support a relative. ‘Significant others' means anyone who is significant to the service user they are supporting. Every worker needs to take on board the wishes of the person they are working with, their family and other agencies but the wishes of the person they are supporting should be the most important. It is very important that the service user maintains contact with their friends/ Emily, advocates who may speak on their behalf and significant others. If the service user is in residential/nursing home care/hostel etc. Then regular contact should be encouraged.The service user needs to know they are still part of a family, have friends and have not been abandoned, e. G. The need to belong (Moscow). The family may want to be involved in the support Of the service user, I. E. Personal care such as bathing or taking the person shopping, church etc. It is worth exploring with the service user and family members/friends about how they would wish to be involved and encourage this. Workers should assist the service users in any way possible to maintain these relationships by providing, for instance, a warm welcome and refreshments when visitors arrive etc. This will result in the service users feeling valued, as well as their visitors and also helping to maintain the relationships.